ISACA CCAK Deluxe Study Guide with Online Test Engine
CCAK dumps review - Professional Quiz Study Materials
The CCAK certification is divided into five domains, including cloud governance, audit planning and management, audit process, audit reporting, and cloud-specific issues. Certificate of Cloud Auditing Knowledge certification exam consists of 75 multiple-choice questions, and individuals have two hours to complete the exam. The passing score for the exam is 70%. Certificate of Cloud Auditing Knowledge certification is valid for three years, and individuals must complete the required continuing education units (CEUs) to maintain their certification.
ISACA CCAK (Certificate of Cloud Auditing Knowledge) certification exam is designed to validate an individual’s understanding of cloud computing and cloud auditing practices. Certificate of Cloud Auditing Knowledge certification is geared towards professionals who work in the field of cloud computing and want to further their knowledge and skills in cloud auditing. The CCAK exam is considered to be one of the most comprehensive cloud auditing certifications available in the market today.
The demand for cloud computing professionals has grown significantly in recent years, making the CCAK certification an attractive credential for individuals looking to advance their careers in this field. The CCAK certification is also beneficial for organizations that employ professionals responsible for auditing cloud environments, as it provides assurance that their employees have the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively monitor and assess cloud computing environments.
NEW QUESTION # 73
Which of the following is the BEST control framework for a European manufacturing corporation that is migrating to the cloud?
- A. CSA's GDPR CoC
- B. EU GDPR
- C. PCI-DSS
- D. NIST SP 800-53
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 74
Which of the following standards is designed to be used by organizations for cloud services that intend to select controls within the process of implementing an information security management system based on ISO/IEC 27001?
- A. ISO/IEC 27002
- B. Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) Cloud Controls Matrix (CCM)
- C. ISO/IEC 27017:2015
- D. NIST SP 800-146
Answer: C
Explanation:
ISO/IEC 27017:2015 is a standard that provides guidelines for information security controls applicable to the provision and use of cloud services by providing additional implementation guidance for relevant controls specified in ISO/IEC 27002, as well as additional controls with implementation guidance that specifically relate to cloud services1. ISO/IEC 27017:2015 is designed to be used by organizations for cloud services that intend to select controls within the process of implementing an information security management system based on ISO/IEC 270011. ISO/IEC 27001 is a standard that specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and continually improving an information security management system within the context of the organization.
ISO/IEC 27002 is a standard that provides a code of practice for information security controls, but it does not provide specific guidance for cloud services. NIST SP 800-146 is a publication that provides an overview of cloud computing, its characteristics, service models, deployment models, and security considerations, but it does not provide a standard for selecting controls for cloud services. CSA CCM is a framework that provides detailed understanding of security concepts and principles that are aligned to the Cloud Security Alliance guidance in 13 domains, but it is not a standard that is based on ISO/IEC 27001. References:
* ISO/IEC 27017:2015
* [ISO/IEC 27001:2013]
* [ISO/IEC 27002:2013]
* [NIST SP 800-146]
* [CSA CCM]
NEW QUESTION # 75
The CSA STAR Certification is based on criteria outlined the Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) Cloud Controls Matrix (CCM) in addition to:
- A. GDPR CoC certification.
- B. GB/T 22080-2008.
- C. SOC 2 Type 1 or 2 reports.
- D. ISO/IEC 27001 implementation.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The CSA STAR Certification is based on criteria outlined in the Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) Cloud Controls Matrix (CCM) in addition to ISO/IEC 27001 implementation. ISO/IEC 27001 is an international standard that specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and continually improving an information security management system (ISMS). The CSA STAR Certification is a third-party independent assessment of the security of a cloud service provider, which demonstrates the alignment of the provider's ISMS with the CCM best practices. The CSA STAR Certification has three levels: Level 1 (STAR Certification), Level 2 (STAR Attestation), and Level 3 (STAR Continuous Monitoring).1 [2][2] References := CCAK Study Guide, Chapter 5: Cloud Auditing, page 971; CSA STAR Certification, Overview[2][2]
NEW QUESTION # 76
How can virtual machine communications bypass network security controls?
- A. Hypervisors depend upon multiple network interfaces
- B. Most network security systems do not recognize encrypted VM traffic
- C. VM communications may use a virtual network on the same hardware host
- D. The guest OS can invoke stealth mode
- E. VM images can contain rootkits programmed to bypass firewalls
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 77
Which of the following is an example of a corrective control?
- A. Unsuccessful access attempts being automatically logged for investigation
- B. All new employees having standard access rights until their manager approves privileged rights
- C. Privileged access to critical information systems requiring a second factor of authentication using a soft token
- D. A central antivirus system installing the latest signature files before allowing a connection to the network
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
A corrective control is a measure taken to correct or reduce the impact of an error, deviation, or unwanted activity1. Corrective control can be either manual or automated, depending on the type of control used. Corrective control can involve procedures, manuals, systems, patches, quarantines, terminations, reboots, or default dates1. A Business Continuity Plan (BCP) is an example of a corrective control.
Unsuccessful access attempts being automatically logged for investigation is an example of a corrective control because it is a response to a potential security incident that aims to identify and resolve the cause and prevent future occurrences2. Logging and investigating failed login attempts can help detect unauthorized or malicious attempts to access sensitive data or systems and take appropriate actions to mitigate the risk.
The other options are examples of preventive controls, which are designed to prevent problems from occurring in the first place3. Preventive controls can include:
A central antivirus system installing the latest signature files before allowing a connection to the network: This is a preventive control because it prevents malware infection by blocking potentially harmful connections and updating the antivirus software regularly4.
All new employees having standard access rights until their manager approves privileged rights: This is a preventive control because it prevents unauthorized access by enforcing the principle of least privilege and requiring approval for granting higher-level permissions5.
Privileged access to critical information systems requiring a second factor of authentication using a soft token: This is a preventive control because it prevents credential theft or compromise by adding an extra layer of security to verify the identity of the user.
References:
What is a corrective control? - Answers1, section on Corrective control Detective controls - SaaS Lens - docs.aws.amazon.com2, section on Unsuccessful login attempts Internal control: how do preventive and detective controls work?3, section on Preventive Controls What Are Security Controls? - F54, section on Preventive Controls The 3 Types of Internal Controls (With Examples) | Layer Blog5, section on Preventive Controls What are the 3 Types of Internal Controls? - RiskOptics - Reciprocity, section on Preventive Controls
NEW QUESTION # 78
Which of the following quantitative measures is KEY for an auditor to review when assessing the implementation of continuous auditing of performance on a cloud system?
- A. Service Level Objective (SLO)
- B. Service Level Agreement (SLA)
- C. Recovery Time Objectives (RTO)
- D. Recovery Point Objectives (RPO)
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 79
What is true of searching data across cloud environments?
- A. You can easily search across your environment using any E-Discovery tool.
- B. Search and discovery time is alwaysfactored into a contract between the consumer and provider.
- C. All cloud-hosted email accounts are easily searchable.
- D. The cloud provider must conduct the search with the full administrative controls.
- E. You might not have the ability oradministrative rights to search or access all hosted data.
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION # 80
In relation to testing business continuity management and operational resilience, an auditor should review which of the following database documentation?
- A. Operational manuals
- B. Incident management documentation
- C. System backup documentation
- D. Database backup and replication guidelines
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Database backup and replication guidelines are essential for ensuring the availability and integrity of data in the event of a disruption or disaster. They describe how the data is backed up, stored, restored, and synchronized across different locations and platforms. An auditor should review these guidelines to verify that they are aligned with the business continuity objectives, policies, and procedures of the organization and the cloud service provider. The auditor should also check that the backup and replication processes are tested regularly and that the results are documented and reported. References:
ISACA, Certificate of Cloud Auditing Knowledge (CCAK) Study Guide, 2021, p. 96 Cloud Security Alliance (CSA), Cloud Controls Matrix (CCM) v4.0, 2021, BCR-01: Business Continuity Planning/Resilience
NEW QUESTION # 81
Which of the following would be considered as a factor to trust in a cloud service provider?
- A. The level of willingness to cooperate
- B. The level of proved technical skills
- C. The level of exposure for public information
- D. The level of open source evidence available
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 82
When performing audits in relation to Business Continuity Management and Operational Resilience strategy, what would be the MOST critical aspect to audit in relation to the strategy of the cloud customer that should be formulated jointly with the cloud service provider?
- A. Validate if the strategy covers all activities required to continue and recover prioritized activities within identified time frames and agreed capacity, aligned to the risk appetite of the organization including the invocation of continuity plans and crisis management capabilities.
- B. Validate if the strategy covers all aspects of Business Continuity and Resilience planning, taking inputs from the assessed impact and risks, to consider activities for before, during, and after a disruption.
- C. Validate if the strategy is developed by both cloud service providers and cloud service consumers within the acceptable limits of their risk appetite.
- D. Validate if the strategy covers unavailability of all components required to operate the business-as-usual or in disrupted mode, in parts or total- when impacted by a disruption.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 83
What aspect of Software as a Service (SaaS) functionality and operations would the cloud customer be responsible for and should be audited?
- A. Access controls
- B. Vulnerability management
- C. Patching
- D. Source code reviews
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
According to the cloud shared responsibility model, the cloud customer is responsible for managing the access controls for the SaaS functionality and operations, and this should be audited by the cloud auditor12. Access controls are the mechanisms that restrict and regulate who can access and use the SaaS applications and data, and how they can do so. Access controls include identity and access management, authentication, authorization, encryption, logging, and monitoring. The cloud customer is responsible for defining and enforcing the access policies, roles, and permissions for the SaaS users, as well as ensuring that the access controls are aligned with the security and compliance requirements of the customer's business context12.
The other options are not the aspects of SaaS functionality and operations that the cloud customer is responsible for and should be audited. Option B is incorrect, as vulnerability management is the process of identifying, assessing, and mitigating the security weaknesses in the SaaS applications and infrastructure, and this is usually handled by the cloud service provider12. Option C is incorrect, as patching is the process of updating and fixing the SaaS applications and infrastructure to address security issues or improve performance, and this is also usually handled by the cloud service provider12. Option D is incorrect, as source code reviews are the process of examining and testing the SaaS applications' source code to detect errors or vulnerabilities, and this is also usually handled by the cloud service provider12. References:
Shared responsibility in the cloud - Microsoft Azure
The Customer's Responsibility in the Cloud Shared Responsibility Model - ISACA
NEW QUESTION # 84
Select the best definition of"compliance" from the options below.
- A. The timely and efficient filing of security reports.
- B. The diligent habits of good security practices and recording of the same.
- C. The process of completing all forms and paperwork necessary to develop a defensible paper trail.
- D. The development of a routine that covers all necessary security measures.
- E. The awareness and adherence to obligations, including the assessment and prioritization of corrective actions deemed necessary and appropriate.
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION # 85
To BEST prevent a data breach from happening, cryptographic keys should be:
- A. transmitted in clear text.
- B. distributed in public-facing repositories.
- C. embedded in source code.
- D. rotated regularly.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Rotating cryptographic keys regularly is a security best practice that helps to mitigate the risk of unauthorized access to encrypted data. When keys are rotated, old keys are retired and replaced with new ones, making any compromised keys useless to an attacker. This process helps to limit the time window during which a stolen key can be used to breach data. Key rotation is a fundamental aspect of key management lifecycle best practices, which include generating new key pairs, rotating keys at set intervals, revoking access to keys, and destroying out-of-date or compromised keys.
References = The importance of key rotation is supported by various security standards and best practices, including recommendations from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)1 and the Cloud Security Alliance (CSA)23. These sources emphasize the need for periodic renewal and decommissioning of old keys as part of a comprehensive key management strategy.
NEW QUESTION # 86
If a customer management interface is compromised over the public Internet, it can lead to:
- A. computing and data compromise for customers.
- B. access to the RAM of neighboring cloud computers.
- C. incomplete wiping of the data.
- D. ease of acquisition of cloud services.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Customer management interfaces are the web portals or applications that allow customers to access and manage their cloud services, such as provisioning, monitoring, billing, etc. These interfaces are exposed to the public Internet and may be vulnerable to attacks such as phishing, malware, denial-of-service, or credential theft. If an attacker compromises a customer management interface, they can potentially access and manipulate the customer's cloud resources, data, and configurations, leading to computing and data compromise for customers. This can result in data breaches, service disruptions, unauthorized transactions, or other malicious activities.
References:
* Cloud Computing - Security Benefits and Risks | PPT - SlideShare1, slide 10
* Cloud Security Risks: The Top 8 According To ENISA - CloudTweaks2, section on Management Interface Compromise
* Certificate of Cloud Auditing Knowledge (CCAK) Study Guide, section 2.3.2.1 :
https://www.isaca.org/-/media/info/ccak/ccak-study-guide.pdf
NEW QUESTION # 87
When an organization is using cloud services, the security responsibilities largely vary depending on the service delivery model used, while the accountability for compliance should remain with the:
- A. certification authority (CA)
- B. cloud user.
- C. cloud customer.
- D. cloud service provider. 0
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to the ISACA Cloud Auditing Knowledge Certificate Study Guide, the cloud customer is the entity that retains accountability for the business outcome of the system or the processes that are supported by the cloud service1. The cloud customer is also responsible for ensuring that the cloud service meets the legal, regulatory, and contractual obligations that apply to the customer's business context1. The cloud customer should also perform due diligence and risk assessment before selecting a cloud service provider, and establish a clear and enforceable contract that defines the roles and responsibilities of both parties1.
The cloud user is the entity that uses the cloud service on behalf of the cloud customer, but it is not necessarily accountable for the compliance of the service1. The cloud service provider is the entity that makes the cloud service available to the cloud customer, but it is not accountable for the compliance of the customer's business context1. The certification authority (CA) is an entity that issues digital certificates to verify the identity or authenticity of other entities, but it is not accountable for the compliance of the cloud service2. References:
* ISACA Cloud Auditing Knowledge Certificate Study Guide, page 10-11.
* Certification authority - Wikipedia
NEW QUESTION # 88
What is the MOST effective way to ensure a vendor is compliant with the agreed-upon cloud service?
- A. Interview the cloud security team and ensure compliance.
- B. Pen test the cloud service provider to ensure compliance.
- C. Document the requirements and responsibilities within the customer contract
- D. Examine the cloud provider's certifications and ensure the scope is appropriate.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The most effective way to ensure a vendor is compliant with the agreed-upon cloud service is to examine the cloud provider's certifications and ensure the scope is appropriate. Certifications are independent attestations of the cloud provider's compliance with various standards, regulations, and best practices related to cloud security, privacy, and governance1. They provide assurance to customers that the cloud provider has implemented adequate controls and processes to meet their contractual obligations and expectations2. However, not all certifications are equally relevant or comprehensive, so customers need to verify that the certifications cover the specific cloud service, region, and data type that they are using3. Customers should also review the certification reports or audit evidence to understand the scope, methodology, and results of the assessment4.
The other options are not as effective as examining the cloud provider's certifications. Documenting the requirements and responsibilities within the customer contract is an important step to establish the terms and conditions of the cloud service agreement, but it does not guarantee that the vendor will comply with them5.
Customers need to monitor and verify the vendor's performance and compliance on an ongoing basis.
Interviewing the cloud security team may provide some insights into the vendor's compliance practices, but it may not be sufficient or reliable without independent verification or documentation. Pen testing the cloud service provider may reveal some vulnerabilities or weaknesses in the vendor's security posture, but it may not cover all aspects of compliance or be authorized by the vendor. Pen testing should be done with caution and consent, as it may cause disruption or damage to the cloud service or violate the terms of service.
References:
Cloud Compliance: What You Need To Know - Linford & Company LLP1, section on Cloud Compliance Cloud Services Due Diligence Checklist | Trust Center2, section on Why Microsoft created the Cloud Services Due Diligence Checklist The top cloud providers for government | ZDNET3, section on What is FedRAMP?
Cloud Computing Security Considerations | Cyber.gov.au4, section on Certification Cloud Audits and Compliance: What You Need To Know - Linford & Company LLP5, section on Cloud Compliance Management Cloud Services Due Diligence Checklist | Trust Center, section on How to use the checklist Cloud Computing Security Considerations | Cyber.gov.au, section on Security governance The top cloud providers for government | ZDNET, section on Penetration testing Penetration Testing in AWS - Amazon Web Services (AWS), section on Introduction
NEW QUESTION # 89
Which of the following would be the MOST critical finding of an application security and DevOps audit?
- A. The organization is not using a unified framework to integrate cloud compliance with regulatory requirements
- B. Application architecture and configurations did not consider security measures.
- C. Outsourced cloud service interruption, breach, or loss of stored data occurred at the cloud service provider.
- D. Certifications with global security standards specific to cloud are not reviewed, and the impact of noted findings are not assessed.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
According to the web search results, the most critical finding of an application security and DevOps audit would be that the application architecture and configurations did not consider security measures. This finding indicates a serious lack of security by design and security by default principles, which are essential for ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the application and its data . If the application architecture and configurations are not secure, they could expose the application to various threats and vulnerabilities, such as unauthorized access, data breaches, denial-of-service attacks, injection attacks, cross-site scripting attacks, and others . This finding could also result in non-compliance with relevant security standards and regulations, such as ISO 27001, PCI DSS, GDPR, and others . Therefore, this finding should be addressed with high priority and urgency by implementing appropriate security measures and controls in the application architecture and configurations.
The other options are not as critical as option B. Option A is a moderate finding that indicates a lack of awareness and assessment of the global security standards specific to cloud, such as ISO 27017, ISO 27018, CSA CCM, NIST SP 800-53, and others . This finding could affect the security and compliance of the cloud services used by the application, but it does not directly impact the application itself. Option C is a severe finding that indicates a major incident that occurred at the cloud service provider level, such as a service interruption, breach, or loss of stored data. This finding could affect the availability, confidentiality, and integrity of the application and its data, but it is not caused by the application itself. Option D is a minor finding that indicates a lack of efficiency and consistency in integrating cloud compliance with regulatory requirements. This finding could affect the compliance posture of the application and its data, but it does not directly impact the security or functionality of the application. References:
[Application Security Best Practices - OWASP]
[DevSecOps: What It Is and How to Get Started - ISACA]
[Cloud Security Standards: What to Expect & What to Negotiate - CSA]
[Cloud Computing Security Audit - ISACA]
[Cloud Computing Incident Response - ISACA]
[Cloud Compliance: A Framework for Using Cloud Services While Maintaining Compliance - ISACA]
NEW QUESTION # 90
The effect of which of the following should have priority in planning the scope and objectives of a cloud audit?
- A. Organizational policies and procedures
- B. Applicable statutory requirements
- C. Applicable industry good practices
- D. Applicable corporate standards
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The effect of applicable statutory requirements should have priority in planning the scope and objectives of a cloud audit, as they are the mandatory and enforceable rules that govern the cloud service provider and the cloud service customer. Statutory requirements may vary depending on the jurisdiction, industry, or sector of the cloud service provider and the cloud service customer, as well as the type, location, and sensitivity of the data processed or stored in the cloud. Statutory requirements may include laws, regulations, standards, or codes that relate to data protection, privacy, security, compliance, governance, taxation, or liability. The cloud auditor should identify and understand the applicable statutory requirements that affect the cloud service provider and the cloud service customer, and assess whether they are met and adhered to by both parties. The cloud auditor should also verify that the contractual terms and conditions between the cloud service provider and the cloud service customer reflect and comply with the applicable statutory requirements123.
Applicable industry good practices (A) are important for planning the scope and objectives of a cloud audit, but they are not as high priority as applicable statutory requirements. Industry good practices are the recommended or accepted methods or techniques for achieving a desired outcome or result in a specific domain or context. Industry good practices may include frameworks, guidelines, principles, or best practices that are developed by professional bodies, associations, or organizations that have expertise or authority in a certain field or area. Industry good practices may help the cloud service provider and the cloud service customer to improve their performance, quality, efficiency, or effectiveness in delivering or using cloud services. However, industry good practices are not mandatory or enforceable, and they may vary or change over time depending on the evolution of technology or business needs123.
Organizational policies and procedures are important for planning the scope and objectives of a cloud audit, but they are not as high priority as applicable statutory requirements. Organizational policies and procedures are the internal rules and guidelines that define the objectives, expectations, and responsibilities of an organization regarding its operations, activities, processes, or functions. Organizational policies and procedures may include mission statements, vision statements, values statements, strategies, goals, plans, standards, manuals, handbooks, or instructions that are specific to an organization. Organizational policies and procedures may help the organization to align its actions and decisions with its purpose and direction, as well as to ensure consistency and accountability among its members or stakeholders. However, organizational policies and procedures are not mandatory or enforceable outside the organization, and they may differ or conflict among different organizations123.
Applicable corporate standards (D) are important for planning the scope and objectives of a cloud audit, but they are not as high priority as applicable statutory requirements. Corporate standards are the internal rules and guidelines that define the minimum level of quality, performance, reliability, or compatibility that an organization expects from its products, services, processes, or systems. Corporate standards may include specifications, criteria, metrics, indicators, benchmarks, or baselines that are specific to an organization.
Corporate standards may help the organization to measure and evaluate its outputs or outcomes against its objectives or expectations, as well as to identify and address any gaps or issues that may arise. However, corporate standards are not mandatory or enforceable outside the organization, and they may differ or conflict among different organizations123.
Cloud Audits: A Guide for Cloud Service Providers - Cloud Standards ...
Cloud Audits: A Guide for Cloud Service Customers - Cloud Standards ...
Cloud Auditing Knowledge: Preparing for the CCAK Certificate Exam
NEW QUESTION # 91
In a multi-level supply chain structure where cloud service provider A relies on other sub cloud services, the provider should ensure that any compliance requirements relevant to the provider are:
- A. treated as sensitive information and withheld from certain sub cloud service providers.
- B. passed to the sub cloud service providers based on the sub cloud service providers' geographic location.
- C. passed to the sub cloud service providers.
- D. treated as confidential information and withheld from all sub cloud service providers.
Answer: C
Explanation:
In a multi-level supply chain structure where cloud service provider A relies on other sub cloud service providers, the provider should ensure that any compliance requirements relevant to the provider are passed to the sub cloud service providers. This is because the sub cloud service providers may have access to or process the provider's data or resources, and therefore need to comply with the same standards and regulations as the provider. Passing the compliance requirements to the sub cloud service providers can also help the provider to monitor and audit the sub cloud service providers' performance and security, and to mitigate any risks or issues that may arise.
References:
* ISACA, Certificate of Cloud Auditing Knowledge (CCAK) Study Guide, 2021, p. 85-86.
* CSA, Cloud Controls Matrix (CCM) v4.0, 2021, p. 7-8
NEW QUESTION # 92
......
Exam Questions Answers Braindumps CCAK Exam Dumps PDF Questions: https://www.realexamfree.com/CCAK-real-exam-dumps.html
CCAK Test Prep Training Practice Exam Questions Practice Tests: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1j1P8KbDhd7XAO8Y_-s2PZDVAd2yGRCU-
