[Apr-2026] CWNP CWNA-109 DUMPS WITH REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
2026 New RealExamFree CWNA-109 PDF Recently Updated Questions
NEW QUESTION # 44
What is required when operating 802.11ax APS in the 6 GHz band using passphrase-based authentication?
* VHT PHY
- A. CCMP
- B. SAE
- C. HT PHY
Answer: A
Explanation:
SAE (Simultaneous Authentication of Equals) is required when operating 802.11ax APs in the 6 GHz band using passphrase-based authentication. SAE is a secure and robust authentication method that is defined in the IEEE 802.11s amendment and is also known as WPA3-Personal or WPA3-SAE. SAE is based on a cryptographic technique called Dragonfly Key Exchange, which allows two parties to establish a shared secret key using a passphrase, without revealing the passphrase or the key to an eavesdropper or an attacker. SAE also provides forward secrecy, which means that if the passphrase or the key is compromised in the future, it does not affect the security of past communications.
SAE is required when operating 802.11ax APs in the 6 GHz band using passphrase-based authentication because of the new regulations and standards that apply to this band. The 6 GHz band is a new frequency band that was opened for unlicensed use by the FCC and other regulatory bodies in 2020. The 6 GHz band offers more spectrum and less interference than the existing 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands, which can enable higher performance and efficiency for Wi-Fi devices. However, the 6 GHz band also has some restrictions and requirements that are different from the other bands, such as:
* The 6 GHz band is divided into two sub-bands: U-NII-5 (5925-6425 MHz) and U-NII-7 (6525-6875 MHz). The U-NII-5 sub-band is subject to DFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection) rules, which require Wi-Fi devices to monitor and avoid using channels that are occupied by radar systems or other primary users. The U-NII-7 sub-band is not subject to DFS rules, but it has a lower maximum transmit power limit than the U-NII-5 sub-band.
* The Wi-Fi devices that operate in the 6 GHz band are called 6E devices, which stands for Extended Spectrum. 6E devices must support 802.11ax technology, which is also known as Wi-Fi 6 or High Efficiency (HE). 802.11ax is a new standard that improves the performance and efficiency of Wi-Fi networks by using features such as OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access), MU-MIMO (Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output), BSS Coloring, TWT (Target Wake Time), and HE PHY and MAC enhancements.
* The 6E devices that operate in the 6 GHz band must also support WPA3 security, which is a new security protocol that replaces WPA2 and provides stronger encryption and authentication for Wi-Fi networks. WPA3 has two modes: WPA3-Personal and WPA3-Enterprise. WPA3-Personal uses SAE as its authentication method, which requires a passphrase to establish a secure connection between two devices. WPA3-Enterprise uses EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) as its authentication method, which requires a certificate or a credential to authenticate with a server.
Therefore, SAE is required when operating 802.11ax APs in the 6 GHz band using passphrase-based authentication because it is part of WPA3-Personal security, which is mandatory for 6E devices in this band.
References: , Chapter 3, page 120; , Section 3.2
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NEW QUESTION # 45
What primary metric of scanning can stations use to select the best AP for connectivity to the desired BSS?
- A. PING latency when testing against an Internet server.
- B. Signal strength of AP beacons received.
- C. Throughput speed in Mbps.
- D. FCS errors in frames transmitted to and from the AP.
Answer: B
Explanation:
When a station scans for available wireless networks, it listens for beacon frames sent by APs. A beacon frame contains information about the BSS, such as SSID, supported rates, channel, security, etc. The station also measures the signal strength of the beacon frames, which indicates how well the station can communicate with the AP. The signal strength is usually expressed in dBm or RSSI units. The higher the signal strength, the better the connection quality and performance. Therefore, the station can use the signal strength of AP beacons as the primary metric to select the best AP for connectivity to the desired BSS12. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 6: Wireless LAN Devices and Topologies, page
249; CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 6: Wireless LAN Devices and Topologies, page 243.
NEW QUESTION # 46
The requirements for a WLAN you are installing state that it must support unidirectional delays of less than
150 ms and the signal strength at all receivers can be no lower than -67 dBm. What application is likely used that demands these requirements?
- A. FTP
- B. RTLS
- C. E-Mail
- D. VoIP
Answer: D
Explanation:
VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) is an application that is likely used that demands the requirements of unidirectional delays of less than 150 ms and the signal strength at all receivers can be no lower than -67 dBm.
VoIP is an application that allows users to make and receive voice calls over a network, such as the Internet or a WLAN. VoIP is a real-time and interactive application that requires high quality of service (QoS) to ensure good user experience and satisfaction. One of the QoS metrics for VoIP is delay, which is the time it takes for a voice packet to travel from the sender to the receiver. Delay can affect the quality and intelligibility of the voice conversation, as well as the synchronization and naturalness of the dialogue. The ITU-T G.114 recommendation suggests that the maximum acceptable one-way delay for VoIP should be less than 150 ms, as anything higher than that can cause noticeable degradation and annoyance to the users. Another QoS metric for VoIP is signal strength, which is the measure of how strong the RF signal is at the receiver. Signal strength can affect the reliability and performance of the wireless connection, as well as the data rate and throughput of the VoIP traffic. The CWNA Official Study Guide recommends that the minimum signal strength for VoIP should be -67 dBm, as anything lower than that can cause packet loss, retries, jitter, and other issues that can impair the voice quality. References: 1, Chapter 10, page 398; 2, Section 6.1
NEW QUESTION # 47
You are deploying a WLAN with the access points configured for 10 mW of output power on the 2.4 GHz radios and 20 mW of output power on the 5GHz radios. Some semi-directional antennas are also in use. What kind of deployment is described?
- A. Standard office
- B. Residential
- C. SOHO
- D. High density
Answer: C
Explanation:
A high-density deployment is a wireless network that is designed to support a large number of users and devices in a relatively small area. This type of deployment is often used in enterprise environments, such as offices, schools, and hospitals.
The use of semi-directional antennas in the deployment described in the question is a good indication that it is a high-density deployment. Semi-directional antennas can be used to focus the signal from an access point in a specific direction. This can help to reduce interference and improve performance in high-density environments.
The other answer choices are less likely to be correct for the following reasons:
* SOHO (small office/home office) deployments are typically smaller and less complex than high-density deployments.
* Residential deployments are typically even smaller and less complex than SOHO deployments.
* Standard office deployments may be high-density, but they may also be lower-density.
It is important to note that the type of deployment is not determined solely by the output power of the access points. However, the use of 10 mW of output power on the 2.4 GHz radios and 20 mW of output power on the
5GHz radios is also consistent with a high-density deployment.
Here are some additional tips for deploying a high-density wireless network:
* Use a site survey to determine the optimal placement of access points.
* Configure the access points to use non-overlapping channels.
* Use semi-directional or directional antennas to focus the signal and reduce interference.
* Implement a wireless intrusion prevention system (WIPS) to detect and mitigate rogue access points and other security threats.
NEW QUESTION # 48
What statement about the IEEE 802.11-2016 QoS facility is true?
- A. 802.11 control frames are assigned to the 802.11 EF priority queue.
- B. 802.11 QoS is achieved by giving high priority queues a statistical advantage at winning contention.
- C. Four 802.1p user priorities are mapped to eight 802.11 transmit queues.
- D. When the Voice queue has frames awaiting transmission, no data will be transmitted from the Best Effort queue.
Answer: B
Explanation:
802.11 QoS is achieved by giving high priority queues a statistical advantage at winning contention. 802.11 QoS is based on the Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) mechanism, which defines four access categories (ACs) for different types of traffic: Voice, Video, Best Effort, and Background. Each AC has its own transmit queue and contention parameters, such as Arbitration Interframe Space (AIFS), Contention Window (CW), and Transmission Opportunity (TXOP). These parameters determine how long a station has to wait before transmitting a frame and how long it can occupy the channel. Higher priority ACs have shorter AIFS, smaller CW, and longer TXOP, which means they have more chances to access the channel and send more data than lower priority ACs. However, this does not guarantee that higher priority ACs will always win the contention, as there is still a random backoff process involved. Therefore, 802.11 QoS is a statistical service that provides different levels of service quality based on traffic categories. References: , Chapter 10, page 403; , Section 6.1
NEW QUESTION # 49
An AP is advertised as a tri-band, 4x4:4, Wi-Fi 6, 802. 11ax AP. Based on this information and assuming it is correctly advertised, what can be determined as certainly true about this AP?
- A. It supports four channels in 2.4 GHz and 4 channels in 5 GHz
- B. It uses a modified OpenWRT firmware
- C. It supports UL-MU-MIMO
- D. It has 4 radio chains
Answer: C
Explanation:
Based on the information given, what can be determined as certainly true about this AP is that it has 4 radio chains. A radio chain is a hardware component that consists of an antenna, a radio frequency (RF) amplifier, and a transceiver. The number of radio chains indicates how many spatial streams an AP can transmit or receive simultaneously using Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology. The notation x:y:z in an AP specification denotes the number of radio chains (x), the number of spatial streams (y), and the number of spatial streams per band (z). Therefore, a tri-band, 4x4:4, Wi-Fi 6, 802.11ax AP has four radio chains in each of its three bands (2.4 GHz, low 5 GHz, and high 5 GHz). It also supports four spatial streams in total and four spatial streams per band. It cannot be determined as certainly true that it supports four channels in each band, UL-MU-MIMO, or uses a modified OpenWRT firmware based on the information given. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-
109], page 223; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-
109], page 213.
NEW QUESTION # 50
What security solution is required to be used in place of Open System Authentication for all open network
802.11 implementations in the 6 GHz band?
- A. Kerberos
- B. OWE
- C. WPA3-Enterprise
- D. WPA3-SAE
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 51
A client STA must choose the best AP for connectivity. As part of the evaluation, it must verify compatible data rates. What can the client STA use to verify that an AP supports the same data rates that it supports?
- A. Probe request frames transmitted by other client STAs
- B. Data frames sent between the AP and current clients STAs
- C. Beacon frames transmitted by the AP
- D. Authentication frames transmitted by the other client STAs
Answer: C
Explanation:
The client STA can use Beacon frames transmitted by the AP to verify that an AP supports the same data rates that it supports. Beacon frames are management frames that are periodically broadcasted by the APs to announce their presence, capabilities, and parameters. Oneof the information elements contained in the Beacon frames is the Supported Rates or Extended Supported Rates, which lists the data rates that the AP can use for communication. The client STA can compare its own data rates with those advertised by the AP to determine if they are compatible. Data frames, authentication frames, and probe request frames do not contain information about data rates. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 133; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 123.
NEW QUESTION # 52
An RF signal sometimes bends as it passes through a material rather than around an obstacle. What is the RF behavior that this statement best describes?
- A. Scattering
- B. Diffraction
- C. Reflection
- D. Refraction
Answer: D
Explanation:
Refraction is the bending of an RF signal as it passes through a material of different density. Refraction can cause the signal to change its direction and angle of arrival. For example, when a light beam passes from air to water, it bends because of the difference in the refractive index of the two mediums. Similarly, when an RF signal passes from one medium to another, such as from air to glass, it can bend due to the change in the dielectric constant of the materials12. References: 1:CWNA-109Official Study Guide, page 67 2: Refraction
NEW QUESTION # 53
You are using a tool that allows you to see signal strength for all Aps in the area with a visual representation.
It shows you SSIDs available and the security settings for each SSID. It allows you to filter by frequency band to see only 2.4 GHz networks or only 5 GHz networks. No additional features are available.
What kind of application is described?
- A. Spectrum analyzer
- B. WLAN scanner tool
- C. Site survey utility
- D. Protocol analyzer
Answer: B
Explanation:
The tool described is a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) scanner tool. WLAN scanner tools are designed to provide information about the wireless networks in a given area, including:
* Signal Strength: They show the signal strength of all access points (APs) in the vicinity, which is crucial for understanding the coverage area and potential interference.
* SSID Visualization: These tools display the SSIDs (Service Set Identifiers) of available networks, allowing users to identify different wireless networks easily.
* Security Settings Information: WLAN scanner tools often show the type of security implemented on each network, such as WPA2, WEP, etc.
* Frequency Band Filtering: They allow users to filter and view networks based on the frequency band (2.4 GHz or 5 GHz), which is useful for analyzing network distribution and planning.
While protocol analyzers, site survey utilities, and spectrum analyzers are also used in wireless networking, their functions are distinct from what is described:
* Protocol Analyzers are more sophisticated and are used to capture and analyze network traffic.
* Site Survey Utilities are used to map signal coverage and plan network layouts, often with more advanced features for detailed site surveys.
* Spectrum Analyzers provide a detailed view of the frequency spectrum and non-Wi-Fi interference but don't typically focus on SSIDs or security settings.
Thus, the correct answer is D, a WLAN scanner tool, based on the functionalities described.
References:
CWNA Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam PW0-105, by David D.
Coleman and David A. Westcott.
Tools and techniques for wireless network analysis and troubleshooting.
NEW QUESTION # 54
What primary metric of scanning can stations use to select the best AP for connectivity to the desired BSS?
- A. PING latency when testing against an Internet server.
- B. Signal strength of AP beacons received.
- C. Throughput speed in Mbps.
- D. FCS errors in frames transmitted to and from the AP.
Answer: B
Explanation:
When a station scans for available wireless networks, it listens for beacon frames sent by APs. A beacon frame contains information about the BSS, such as SSID, supported rates, channel, security, etc. The station also measures the signal strength of the beacon frames, which indicates how well the station can communicate with the AP. The signal strength is usually expressed in dBm or RSSI units. The higher the signal strength, the better the connection quality and performance. Therefore, the station can use the signal strength of AP beacons as the primary metric to select the best AP for connectivity to the desired BSS12. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 6: Wireless LAN Devices and Topologies, page 249; CWNA-109Study Guide, Chapter
6: Wireless LAN Devices and Topologies, page 243.
NEW QUESTION # 55
What factor does not influence the distance at which an RF signal can be effectively received?
- A. Free Space Path Loss
- B. Receiving station's radio sensitivity
- C. Receiving station's output power
- D. Transmitting station's output power
Answer: C
Explanation:
In wireless communication, several factors influence the effective reception of RF signals, including the receiving station's radio sensitivity, the transmitting station's output power, and free space path loss. However, the receiving station's output power does not influence the distance at which an RF signal can be effectively received. The key factors that impact signal reception distance are:
* Receiving Station's Radio Sensitivity: This refers to the lowest signal strength at which the receiver can process a signal with an acceptableerror rate. Higher sensitivity allows for better reception at greater distances.
* Transmitting Station's Output Power: This is the power with which a transmitter sends out a signal.
Higher output power can extend the range of transmission, making it easier for distant receivers to detect the signal.
* Free Space Path Loss (FSPL): FSPL represents the attenuation of radio energy as it travels through free space. It increases with distance and frequency, reducing the signal strength as the distance from the transmitter increases.
The output power of the receiving station is related to how strong a signal it sends out, not how well it can receive or process incoming signals. Therefore, it does not affect the reception distance of incoming RF signals.
References:
* CWNA Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam PW0-105, by David D.
Coleman and David A. Westcott.
* RF fundamentals and RF design considerations in wireless communication systems.
NEW QUESTION # 56
An 802.11 WLAN transmitter that emits a 50 mW signal is connected to a cable with 3 dB of loss. The cable is connected to an antenna with 16 dBi of gain. What is the power level at the Intentional Radiator?
- A. 250 mW
- B. 500 mW
- C. 1000 mW
- D. 25 mW
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 57
You are troubleshooting a controller-based AP that is unable to locate the controller. DHCP is not use and the controller is located at 10.10.10.81/24 while the AP is on the 10.10.16.0/24 network. What should be inspected to verify proper configuration?
- A. DNS
- B. BOOTH
- C. AP hosts file
- D. NTP
Answer: A
Explanation:
What should be inspected to verify proper configuration is DNS. DNS stands for Domain Name System and is a service that resolves hostnames to IP addresses. In a controller-based AP deployment, DNS can be used to help the AP locate the controller by using a predefined hostname such as CISCO-CAPWAP-CONTROLLER or aruba-master. The AP sends a DNS query for this hostname and receives an IP address of the controller as a response. Therefore, if DNS is not configured properly or if there is no DNS entry for the controller hostname, the AP may not be able to locate the controller. NTP, BOOTP, and AP hosts file are not relevant for this scenario. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-109], page 374; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-109], page 364.
NEW QUESTION # 58
When using a spectrum to look for non Wi-Fi interference sources, you notice significant interference across the entire 2.4 GHz band (not on a few select frequencies) within the desktop area of a users workspace, but the interference disappears quickly after just 2 meters. What is the most likely cause of this interference?
- A. Bluetooth devices in the user's work area
- B. Excess RF energy from a nearby AP
- C. Unintentional radiation from the PC power supply
- D. USB 3 devices in the user's work area
Answer: D
Explanation:
USB 3 devices in the user's work area are the most likely cause of this interference when using a spectrum analyzer to look for non-Wi-Fi interference sources. A spectrum analyzer is a tool that measures and visualizes the radio frequency activity and interference in the wireless environment. A spectrum analyzer can show the spectrum usage and energy levels on each frequency band or channel and help identify and locate the sources of interference. Interference is any unwanted signal that disrupts or degrades the intended signal on a wireless channel. Interference can be caused by various sources, such as other Wi-Fi devices, non-Wi-Fi devices, or natural phenomena. Interference can affect WLAN performance and quality by causing signal loss, noise, distortion, or errors. USB 3 devices are non-Wi-Fi devices that use USB 3.0 technology to transfer data at high speeds between computers and peripherals, such as hard drives, flash drives, cameras, or printers. USB 3 devices can generate electromagnetic radiation that interferes with Wi-Fi signals in the 2.4 GHz band, especially when they are close to Wi-Fi devices or antennas. USB 3 devices can cause significant interference across the entire 2.4 GHz band (not on a few select frequencies) within the desktop area of a user's workspace, but the interference disappears quickly after just 2 meters. This is because USB 3 devices emit broadband interference that affects all channels in the 2.4 GHz band with a high intensity near the source but a low intensity at a distance due to attenuation. The other options are not likely to cause this interference pattern when using a spectrum analyzer to look for non-Wi-Fi interference sources. Bluetooth devices in the user's work area are non-Wi-Fi devices that use Bluetooth technology to communicate wirelessly between computers and peripherals, such as keyboards, mice, headphones, or speakers. Bluetooth devices can cause interference with Wi-Fi signals in the 2.4 GHz band, but they use frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) technique that changes frequencies rapidly and randomly within a range of 79 channels. Therefore, Bluetooth devices do not cause significant interference across the entire 2.4 GHz band (not on a few select frequencies), but rather intermittent interference on some channels at different times. Excess RF energy from a nearby AP is not a non-Wi-Fi interference source but rather a Wi-Fi interference source that occurs when an AP transmits more power than necessary for its coverage area. Excess RF energy from a nearby AP can cause co-channel interference (CCI) with other APs or client devices that use the same channel within range of each other. CCI reduces performance and capacity because it causes contention and collisions on the wireless medium,
NEW QUESTION # 59
What 802.11 network configuration would result in multiple stations broadcasting Beacon frames with the same BSSID but with different source addresses?
- A. An IBSS is used instead of a BSS.
- B. Multiple APs have been loaded with the same configuration from an image file.
- C. An SCA network is in use.
- D. A single AP supports multiple BSSs with different SSIDs.
Answer: A
Explanation:
An IBSS is used instead of a BSS is a network configuration that would result in multiple stations broadcasting Beacon frames with the same BSSID but with different source addresses. An IBSS (Independent Basic Service Set) is a type of WLAN that does not use an AP but rather allows stations to communicate directly with each other in a peer-to-peer manner. An IBSS is also known as an ad-hoc network or a peer-to-peer network. In an IBSS, each station generates its own Beacon frames to announce its presence and capabilities to other stations within range. The Beacon frames have the same BSSID, which is randomly generated by one of the stations when creating the IBSS, but they have different source addresses, which are the MAC addresses of each station's radio interface. The BSSID is used to identify the IBSS and prevent stations from joining other IBSSs with different BSSIDs. References: , Chapter 1, page 25; , Section 1.1
NEW QUESTION # 60
You are troubleshooting a WLAN problem and you suspect hidden node as the cause. What should you look for in a protocol analyzer?
- A. Frames transmitted from the AP without acknowledgement
- B. Retransmitted frames from multiple STAs with higher retry counts than other STAs Frames with the HN bit set to 1
- C. Frames with the retry bit set to 0
Answer: B
Explanation:
The CWNA Official Study Guide (CWNA-109), Chapter 8: Troubleshooting and Spectrum Analysis, explains that hidden node problems occur when two or more client stations cannot hear each other but can both communicate with the same access point. This leads to collisions at the AP because the clients transmit simultaneously without sensing each other's signals.
"Hidden node problems can often be identified in a protocol analyzer by observing excessive retransmissions from specific client stations. These retransmissions occur because the station's frames are not acknowledged due to collisions caused by other stations that the transmitter cannot hear."
- CWNA-108 Study Guide, Chapter 8, Hidden Node Problem Analysis, p. 393-395 Therefore, when analyzing for a hidden node issue, you will typically observe:
* Retransmitted frames from multiple STAs.
* Higher retry counts for affected stations compared to others.
Hence, the correct answer is C. Retransmitted frames from multiple STAs with higher retry counts than other STAs.
NEW QUESTION # 61
A natural disaster has occurred in a remote area that is approximately 57 miles from the response team headquarters. The response team must implement a local wireless network using 802.11 WLAN access points.
What is the best method, of those listed, for implementation of a network back-haul for communications across the Internet in this scenario?
- A. 802.11 bridging to the response team headquarters
- B. Cellular/LTE/5G
- C. Turn up the output power of the WLAN at the response team headquarters
- D. Temporary wired DSL
Answer: B
Explanation:
Cellular/LTE/5G is the best method for implementing a network backhaul for communications across the Internet in a remote area that is affected by a natural disaster. This is because cellular/LTE/5G networks are wireless and do not depend on physical infrastructure that may be damaged or unavailable in such scenarios.
Cellular/LTE/5G networks also offer high-speed data transmission and wide coverage area, which are essential for emergency response operations. 802.11 bridging to the response team headquarters is not feasible because it requires line-of-sight and has limited range. Turning up the output power of the WLAN at the response team headquarters is not effective because it may cause interference and does not guarantee reliable connectivity. Temporary wired DSL is not practical because it requires installing cables and equipment that may not be available or accessible in a remote area. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 7:
Wireless LAN Topologies, page 2031
NEW QUESTION # 62
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