2026 RealExamFree ISTQB CT-UT Dumps and Exam Test Engine
ISTQB CT-UT DUMPS WITH REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
ISTQB CT-UT Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 12
In the last project, the usability tests substantially exceeded the budget of the test plan. Which quality control task could have been used to avoid this?
- A. Check that the usability test plan has been properly reviewed
- B. Check that findings are communicated to the stakeholders
- C. Check consumed resources regularly and compare with the estimates
- D. Check whether the usability test report conforms to the best practices
Answer: C
Explanation:
To prevent usability testing from exceeding budget, active monitoring and control of project resources are critical. The best practice is to regularly check consumed time, costs, and effort against the original estimates, allowing timely adjustments to scope or resources. This is a classic quality control practice aligned with ISO
9001 principles and standard project management methodologies. Option A relates to test preparation, option C concerns reporting and communication, and option D applies after test execution. Only option B deals directly with budget control during the test.
References:
* ISO 9001:2015 - Quality Management Systems
* ISTQB: Usability Testing Guidelines
* Nielsen Norman Group: Budgeting for Usability Testing
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NEW QUESTION # 13
How can the approach for conducting user surveys be summarized best?
- A. Write survey plan, interview users and stakeholders, select questionnaire, recruit users, remind users, communicate
- B. Write survey plan, write schedule, select questionnaire, recruit users, analyze, communicate
- C. Write survey plan, interview users and stakeholders, select questionnaire, deploy questionnaire, analyze, communicate
- D. Write survey plan, write schedule, select questionnaire, recruit users, remind users, communicate
Answer: C
Explanation:
Conducting user surveys involves a structured approach that ensures data collection is effective, reliable, and meaningful. The process typically starts with writing a survey plan, which defines the objectives, scope, target population, and methodology. Next, interviewing users and stakeholders is important to gather qualitative insights, refine survey questions, and align the survey with business goals and user needs.
Selecting or designing the questionnaire follows, which includes crafting clear, unbiased questions to capture the desired data. After that, deploying the questionnaire to the recruited participants is essential; this can be done via email, online tools, or in-person, depending on the context. Once the data is collected, it must be analyzed to extract meaningful patterns, trends, and insights. Finally, communicating the findings to stakeholders completes the process by informing decision-making.
Other options miss critical steps such as deploying the questionnaire (Option C), or combine steps incorrectly (Options A and D). Importantly, the step of interviewing users and stakeholders prior to deployment ensures the survey is well-informed and targeted, enhancing the quality and relevance of data collected.
References:
Usability.gov, Surveys in User Research
Nielsen Norman Group, How to Conduct User Surveys
ISO 9241-210:2019 Ergonomics of human-system interaction - User research methodologies
NEW QUESTION # 14
What is a usability test task?
- A. A process through which information about the usability of a system is gathered in order to improve the system (known as formative evaluation) or to assess the merit or worth of a system (known as summative evaluation)
- B. A document specifying a sequence of actions for the execution of a usability test. It is used by the moderator to keep track of briefing and pre-session interview questions, usability test tasks, and post- session interview questions
- C. A usability test execution activity specified by the moderator that needs to be accomplished by a usability test participant within a given period of time
- D. A test session in usability testing in which a usability test participant is executing tests, moderated by a moderator and observed by a number of observers
Answer: C
Explanation:
A usability test task is a clearly defined activity that a participant is asked to perform during a usability test session. These tasks are typically created by the test designer or moderator and are designed to reflect realistic user goals (e.g., "Find and buy a product"). The purpose is to observe the participant's interaction with the system and identify usability issues. Option A describes a usability test script, not a task. Option C defines usability evaluation in general, and D refers to a session, not a specific task. Therefore, B is correct.
References:
* ISO 25062:2006 - Common Industry Format (CIF) for Usability Test Reports
* Nielsen Norman Group: Writing Effective Usability Tasks
* Usability.gov: Usability Test Task Design
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NEW QUESTION # 15
You are asked to evaluate the usability of a software application for a law firm. Due to time and budget constraints, it is not possible to include users in the evaluation process.
Which of the following is a valid approach for evaluating the usability in this case?
- A. Usability Review
- B. Accessibility Evaluation
- C. Usability testing
- D. User surveys
Answer: A
Explanation:
When actual users cannot be included, a usability review (often an expert or heuristic evaluation) is the most practical method. Trained evaluators examine the interface against usability principles and standards to identify potential issues. Surveys require user input, and usability testing cannot proceed without users.
Accessibility evaluation targets inclusivity for users with impairments, which is related but not a substitute for overall usability evaluation. Therefore, option A is the only valid method under these constraints.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: Heuristic Evaluation
Usability.gov: Expert Reviews and Inspections
ISO 9241-110 - Usability Principles
NEW QUESTION # 16
You're redesigning the web shop of a customer and found out that they are using legacy web design techniques like HTML tables for design matters, making the website hard to be operated using alternative input and output devices (e.g. screen readers).
Which kind of risk is most likely to occur?
- A. There's no risk predictable
- B. Usability risk
- C. Accessibility risk
- D. User experience risk
Answer: C
Explanation:
The use of HTML tables for layout instead of proper semantic HTML and responsive design violates accessibility guidelines, particularly those defined in the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG).
Such a design makes it difficult or impossible for users relying on screen readers, keyboard navigation, or other assistive technologies to interact effectively with the site. Therefore, this creates a significant accessibility risk, which is distinct from general usability or user experience risks. Accessibility ensures inclusion of users with physical or cognitive impairments, making option B the correct choice.
References:
* W3C: Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1
* ISO 9241-171:2008 - Software Accessibility
* Usability.gov: Accessibility Guidelines
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NEW QUESTION # 17
What is good accessibility?
- A. Good usability of a software product on all devices (smart phone, computer, etc.)
- B. Good usability of a software product by people with limited vision, hearing, dexterity, cognition or physical mobility
- C. Good usability regardless of disturbances like bright sunlight, noise or wind
- D. Good usability of a software product by people with limited knowledge of the software
Answer: B
Explanation:
Accessibility refers to designing products so that people with disabilities or limitations (permanent or temporary) can use them effectively. According to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and ISO standards, accessibility focuses on ensuring that users with vision, hearing, cognitive, or mobility impairments can access digital interfaces. Option D captures this intent accurately. The other options relate to general usability or responsiveness (e.g., device adaptability or user experience in noisy environments) but do not address the inclusive nature of accessibility as defined by official guidelines.
References:
WCAG 2.1 Guidelines - W3C
ISO 9241-171:2008 - Guidance on software accessibility
Usability.gov: Accessibility Basics
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NEW QUESTION # 18
In a short conversation, a potential customer mentions that accessibility is of great importance to them. What does this mean?
- A. They also seek to address users with limitations
- B. They focus on agile development
- C. They use prototyping in their development process
- D. They focus on quantitative usability evaluations
Answer: A
Explanation:
When a customer emphasizes the importance of accessibility, it means they are concerned with ensuring that users with disabilities or limitations are not excluded from using their products or services. Accessibility is about inclusiveness-providing equal access and opportunity to all users regardless of physical or cognitive ability. Option C directly reflects this understanding. The other options (A, B, and D) are aspects of usability or development methodologies but do not relate to addressing the needs of users with disabilities, which is the core focus of accessibility.
References:
W3C: Accessibility Fundamentals
ISO 9241-171 and 210 - Accessibility and Human-Centered Design
ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) in Digital Accessibility Contexts
NEW QUESTION # 19
A web shop owner used Google Analytics to gather information about her users. She found out that most users take about five minutes to place an order. Is the usability of the website good or bad?
- A. That depends on the accessibility of the website
- B. The usability of the website is bad - five minutes is way too long
- C. The usability of the website is good - five minutes is a fair amount of time
- D. That depends on the context of use as users may have different expectations
Answer: D
Explanation:
Usability is defined in ISO 9241-11 as the extent to which a system can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in a specified context of use. Without knowing the context-such as product complexity, user familiarity, device type, or purchasing habits-it is impossible to judge whether five minutes is good or bad. For complex items, five minutes may be reasonable, while for one-click purchases, it may be excessive. Thus, usability cannot be assessed solely based on one metric like time-it must be evaluated within its full usage context.
References:
ISO 9241-11:2018 - Usability Definitions and Concepts
Nielsen Norman Group: Context of Use in Usability Testing
Usability.gov: Usability and Context of Use
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NEW QUESTION # 20
Which of the following is the correct distinction between formative and summative usability evaluation?
- A. Summative evaluations focus on improvement, formative evaluations assess the outcome
- B. Summative evaluations mostly rely on experts, formative evaluations require users
- C. Summative evaluations mostly rely on user tests, formative evaluations require experts
- D. Summative evaluations assess the outcome, formative evaluations focus on improvement
Answer: D
Explanation:
Formative usability evaluation is conducted during the development process to identify usability problems and improve the product iteratively. It is diagnostic and improvement-focused. Summative evaluation, on the other hand, is done after development to assess the final product's usability, measuring how well it meets defined usability goals. Therefore, the correct distinction is that formative evaluation focuses on improvement, and summative evaluation assesses the outcome. This distinction aligns with widely accepted models such as those defined by ISO 9241-210 and usability.gov.
References:
ISO 9241-210:2019 - Human-Centered Design for Interactive Systems
Usability.gov: Usability Evaluation Basics
Nielsen Norman Group: Formative vs Summative Usability Testing
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NEW QUESTION # 21
A large customer complained that a business application developed by your company sometimes transfers the wrong amount of money to clients, although there are no complaints of the actual users. The expected amount differs from the actually transferred amount by a factor of 10 or 100. After analyzing the log files, you found out that the application itself works fine. The problem seems to be caused by confusing text fields and labels for the decimal place, leading to user errors.
Which usability risk should be reasonably addressed for the next release?
- A. Increased liability through risk to financial loss caused by a poorly designed or deceptive user interface
- B. Users buy the software product but repeatedly need to call support because they don't understand how to use it
- C. Users resist using a software product which is essential for their daily work because it lacks usability
- D. Users won't buy or use the software product because it lacks effectiveness, efficiency or satisfaction
Answer: A
Explanation:
The scenario describes a situation where the interface misleads users into making serious financial mistakes due to poor design, such as confusing decimal separators. Even though the system functions correctly, it facilitates critical user errors. This constitutes a major usability risk with potential legal and financial consequences. Therefore, the correct risk to address is increased liability due to financial loss caused by a poorly designed or deceptive interface (option D). The other options focus on usability-related dissatisfaction, resistance, or lack of adoption, which are not the key concern in this scenario.
References:
ISO 9241-210:2019 - Risk Management in Usability Engineering
Nielsen Norman Group: Error Prevention in UI Design
IEEE 1028: Standard for Software Reviews and Risk-Based Usability
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NEW QUESTION # 22
Which of the following is the best description for a usability test session?
- A. A period of time in which a usability test participant is executing tests, moderated by a moderator and observed by a number of observers.
- B. A test activity specified by the moderator that needs to be accomplished by a usability test participant within a given period of time.
- C. A black-box test technique in which test cases are designed to execute usability scenarios.
- D. A document specifying a sequence of actions for the execution of a usability test.
Answer: A
Explanation:
A usability test session is a controlled period during which a test participant performs tasks using the system under test while being observed by a moderator and sometimes additional stakeholders or observers. The goal is to understand how users interact with the interface and identify usability problems. Option A describes an individual task, not the whole session. Option C refers to a test plan or test script, and Option D describes a test technique rather than a usability session. Thus, option B provides the most accurate and comprehensive definition.
References:
ISO 25062:2006 - Common Industry Format (CIF)
Nielsen Norman Group: Usability Testing 101
Usability.gov: Usability Test Sessions
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NEW QUESTION # 23
Which of the following statements about usability test scripts is wrong?
- A. It contains post-session interview questions.
- B. It contains answers to the test questions.
- C. It is a checklist used by the moderator of a usability test.
- D. It contains pre-session interview questions.
Answer: B
Explanation:
A usability test script is a structured document used by the moderator to ensure consistency across test sessions. It typically includes pre-session briefing text, pre- and post-session interview questions, and the specific usability tasks to be performed. However, it does not include answers to the test questions, as usability tests focus on observing user behavior and performance-not testing users' knowledge. Providing answers would bias results and invalidate findings. Thus, option D is incorrect and the best choice.
References:
Usability.gov: Creating a Test Script
Nielsen Norman Group: Usability Testing Tools and Documentation
ISO 25062 - Guidelines for Usability Reporting
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NEW QUESTION # 24
Which of the following are advantages of using a usability lab?
i. The context is natural
ii. Test sessions are easy to observe
iii. Inexpensive setup
iv. Similar conditions for all sessions
v. Easy recording of sessions
- A. i, ii & v are true, iii & iv are false
- B. iii, iv & v are true, i & ii are false
- C. ii, iv & v are true, i & iii are false
- D. ii & iv are true, i, iii & v are false
Answer: C
Explanation:
Usability labs provide a controlled environment that offers several advantages for observing and recording usability test sessions. Specifically, they allow for easy observation of participants (ii), standardized conditions for each session (iv), and facilitate audio and video recording for detailed analysis (v). However, the context is not natural (i), because the lab is an artificial setting rather than the user's actual environment.
Also, setting up a professional usability lab is not inexpensive (iii); it typically involves significant costs for equipment, space, and staffing. Therefore, options ii, iv, and v are true, while i and iii are false.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: Usability Labs - Pros and Cons
ISO 25062:2006 - Usability Test Reporting
Usability.gov: Setting Up a Usability Lab
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NEW QUESTION # 25
Which of the following statements about usability testing is true?
- A. The preparation of a usability test is optional
- B. Before the usability test sessions, a pilot usability test session can be conducted
- C. A usability test consists of one usability test session
- D. The conditions under which a usability test is done are irrelevant
Answer: B
Explanation:
A pilot usability test session is a critical step prior to conducting the actual usability test. Its purpose is to ensure that the test setup, task design, and moderator instructions are clear and function as expected.
According to ISO 9241-210 and the Nielsen Norman Group's best practices, pilot testing helps detect unforeseen issues and fine-tune the process. Options A and B are incorrect because testing conditions must reflect realistic scenarios, and thorough preparation is essential to gather meaningful usability data. Option D is also incorrect; a usability test typically consists of multiple sessions with different users to gather sufficient data for analysis. The pilot session ensures everything works smoothly before involving real participants.
References:
ISO 9241-210:2019, Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Human-centred design Nielsen Norman Group: Usability Testing 101 Usability.gov: Pilot Testing
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NEW QUESTION # 26
What does the Equality Act address?
- A. It states that websites have to adhere to the WCAG conformity level AA
- B. It states that websites have to adhere to the WCAG conformity level A
- C. It obligates organizations to make sites accessible at all costs
- D. It protects people from discrimination in the workplace and in wider society
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Equality Act 2010 (UK) is legislation designed to protect individuals from discrimination in various areas, including employment and access to goods and services-this includes digital products like websites.
While it does not directly mandate WCAG compliance levels (A or AA), it implies that digital services must be accessible to users with disabilities. Organizations are required to make "reasonable adjustments" to avoid discrimination. Therefore, the most accurate and comprehensive answer is B.
References:
UK Equality Act 2010 - Legislation.gov.uk
GOV.UK: Accessibility Requirements for Public Sector Bodies
NEW QUESTION # 27
A "usability test participant" ...
- A. ... helps to set up the system used for the usability test.
- B. ... is a person who observes a usability test.
- C. ... can be the organizer of a usability test.
- D. ... is a representative user who solves typical tasks in a usability test.
Answer: D
Explanation:
A usability test participant is a person selected to represent the target user group and asked to perform specific tasks in a usability test. Their actions, reactions, and feedback help identify usability issues and evaluate the system's effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction. This role is strictly observational and does not involve organizing, observing, or setting up the test. Options A, B, and C describe other roles (e.g., technical support, observers, or moderators). Only option D accurately reflects the definition of a usability test participant.
References:
ISO 9241-210:2019 - Human-Centered Design
Usability.gov: Roles in a Usability Test
Nielsen Norman Group: Recruiting Test Participants
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NEW QUESTION # 28
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